Lab: How to Use A Compound Microscope
Bozeman Science: Compartmentalization
Bozeman Science: Cellular Organelles
CALCULATIONS: Surface area-to-volume ratios
Essential to this chapter study is the conceptual understanding and calculation of surface area-to-volume ratio as it relates to cellular efficiency.
For each number set in the sample list, calculate: surface area (SA), volume (V), and ratio, one data set for generic plant cell and the other for generic animal cell.
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Use red highlighting to show where the cell underperforms a 1:1 ratio, yellow to show where it meets a 1:1 ratio, and green to show where it exceeds a 1:1 ratio--judge performance of cell according to its surface area.
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Side-by-side tables are especially handy in a comparison such as this (Animals on one side, plants on the other.) Learn to manage data well!
Cell Size:
Side or Diameter
.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
6
6.5
7
7.5
8
8.5
9
Surface Area of a Sphere
SA = 4 π r
Surface Area of a Rectangular Solid
SA =2lh + 2 lw + 2 wh
Surface Area of a Cube
SA = 6 s
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Volume of a Sphere
V = 4/3 π r
Volume of a Rectangular Solid
V = l w h
Volume of a Cube
V = s
r = radius
l = length
h = height
w = width
SA = surface area
V = volume
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3
2
2
Formulas as they appear on College Board AP Biology Formula Sheet
3
Scientific Skills Exercise:
Using a Scale Bar to Calculate
Volume and Surface Area of a Cell
How much new cytoplasm and plasma membrane are made by a growing yeast cell?
Textbook page 80
Test Your Understanding
Textbook page 99, #1-7
As you complete test, mark questions with:
a star (I know this),
a checkmark (I might know this),
or a question mark (I don't know, I guessed).
Self-correct.
Write validations/corrections for checkmarks, question marks, and missed stars (oops).
Illustrative
x
a
m
p
l
e
s
Cytoskeleton
Membrane -bound organelles
Linear chromosomes
Endomembrane systems
Endoplasmic reticulum
Mitochondria
Chloroplasts
Golgi apparatus
Nuclear envelope
Tay-Sachs disease
Click on Sparky the Sun Devil for a tutorial on cell parts.
Concept
A
R
D
S
Golgi apparatus
lysosomes
mitochondria
chloroplasts
flagella
cilia
actin
cell wall
extracellular matrix
plasmodesmata
prokaryotes vs. eukaryotes
nucleus/nucleoid/nuclear envelope/nucleolus
endoplasmic reticulum/ rough and smooth ER
endosymbiont theory/mitochondria & chloroplasts
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cytosol
cytoplasm
plasma membrane
chromosomes
chromatin
ribosomes
endomembrane system
vesicles
Critical Thinking
A: In general, eukaryotic cells have a smaller surface-to-volume ratio than prokaryotic cells, but they contain internal membrane-bound organelles. How do these internal membranes affect the overall functional efficiency of the cell?
B: How do microscopy and biochemistry complement each other to reveal cell structure and function?
C: Explain how the compartmentalized organization of a eukaryotic cell contributes to its biochemical functioning.
D: Describe the relationship between the nucleus and the ribosomes.
E: Describe the key role played by transport vesicles in the endomembrane system.
F: What is the endosymbiont theory?
G: Discuss: Life is an emergent property that appears at the level of the cell.
I can't see the forest for the trees...
Basic Biology Text:
Chapter 7 (All sections)
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At a minimum, understand:
Surface area-to-volume ratios determine the overall efficiency of the cell. Know the structural and functional roles of cellular organelles. The endomembrane system is of major importance for cell transport. Specific parts of the cytoskeleton are of minor importance.